As a result, when most of Europe converted to Christianity during the Middle Ages, slavery declined within Europe itself. It was replaced largely by serfdom, which, though oppressive, allowed peasants ...

I recently engaged an atheist who claimed that medieval hospitals were basically hospices, with no particular treatments, remedies or therapeutics — or any notable openness to scientific advancement ...

Medieval Christianity holds up a helpful mirror to the contemporary church. In recent decades, evangelicals studying faith in the Middle Ages have done much to recover its variety and richness. Yet a ...

Numen, Vol. 63, No. 2/3, Special Issue: Divine Word and Divine Work: Late Platonism and Religion (2016), pp. 245-270 (26 pages) The development of medieval Christian thought reveals from its inception ...

Fourteenth century tombstone relief at a monastery built in 1009 in the Pyrenees Fourteenth century tombstone relief at a monastery built in 1009 in the PyreneesUniversal Images Group via Getty Today, ...

The idea of "public" spectacle in the medieval period was quite different from that of the Greek and Roman world. Spectacle in the Middle Ages revolved around Christianity and the Church, consisting ...

As with much late-medieval faith, things were complex and there clearly was a hunger for a relationship with Christ, even if ...

Fine analysis of over a thousand human remains in the Nile Valley has revealed a previously unknown practice: facial tattooing of very young children during the early centuries of the Christian era.

The hour has struck for our “conversion,” for personal transformation, for interior renewal. We must get used to thinking of man in a new way; and in a new way also of men’s life in common; with a new ...

Early Europeans produce diverse art: from Christians to Muslims and Byzantines to Vikings. After Rome’s fall, Europe’s Christians kept culture alive with art rooted in their deep faith. We visit ...