This is a preview. Log in through your library . Abstract In the present paper a procedure, in two phases is developed for maximizing a linear fractional functionals subject to one quadratic and a ...

In this paper we consider the bilevel programming problem (BLPP), which is a sequence of two optimization problems where the constraint region of the upper-level problem is determined implicitly by ...

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology, AI-driven learning methods are gradually permeating various fields, particularly evident in programming education. In recent years, ...