Before we plunge headfirst into the fray with gusto and abandon (and aplomb, of course), let’s remind and reassure ourselves that—although the following discussions focus on the devices and ...

The optoelectronic logic element AND, OR and XOR is considered, the output signal of which can be inverted when the input control signal is applied, thereby converting the logic element into NAND, NOR ...

The programmable logic controller (PLC) is a microprocessor-based system that accepts input data from switches and sensors, processes that data by making decisions in accordance with a stored program, ...

PLC Inputs and Outputs provides an overview of the main types of input/output modules and input/output devices, their primary functions, and their roles in a PLC process. In a PLC system, the ...

Understanding the feed-forward mechanism is required in order to create a neural network that solves difficult practical problems such as predicting the result of a football game or the movement of a ...

In the applet below is intended to help you understand the connection between the graph of a function and the function itself. Recall that a function can be thought of as a machine which takes an ...