Once pulverized coal flows have been measured, they can be balanced and optimized. Until then, tuning is simply guesswork. The right way to balance furnace fuel flows is to establish solid baseline ...

In pressure relief systems, accurately estimating temperature changes during fluid flow is vital for relief piping sizing. Fluid velocity changes and the Joule-Thomson effect (affecting non-ideal ...

Bypass pipes, accompanied by a three-way control valve, are often seen in hydronic systems at both served loads (e.g., reheat coils) as well as at primary equipment (e.g., cooling towers). Reasons for ...

The significance of water volume measurement is growing, particularly in large diameters. The challenge related to fresh water or cooling water processes is to form accurate flow recordings or to ...

Many homeowners notice that plumbing noise becomes more prominent at night. Sounds such as knocking, ticking, banging, humming, or rushing water often seem louder when the building is quiet. While ...

If you're buying an old house, beware of old galvanized steel water pipes. These pipes build up with sediment on the inside, making the inside diameter of the pipe smaller and smaller over time, ...