Since its 19th-century independence wars from Spain, Latin America has embraced caudillismo: a political system headed by ...

The Beginning of the End? “The Year of Elections” marked the eighth year since US President Donald Trump’s initial, remarkable rise to the American presidency. 2024 saw populist figureheads, from ...

Mary is a staff writer for the HIR interested especially in the intersection between global politics, energy, and climate change.

The first step to assess the success of the EDF is to look at the production revenue of the biggest European producers. The ASD—which represents over 90 percent of European companies involved in ...

Every year, US citizens collectively consume 2.8 billion pounds of chocolate. While this sweet and indulgent treat is a staple for Valentine’s Day and Halloween, its colorful and shiny packaging ...

Russia and Japan have yet to sign a formal peace treaty to end World War II. Both nations’ reluctance boils down to their dispute over a string of islands stretching from Hokkaido, Japan’s ...

A leader in exile. Children forced into cultural assimilation. A barrage of failed protests. For more than 50 years, China, a global superpower with a population over 400 times that of Tibet, has ...

In 2023, trade between China and Russia reached US$240 billion, a 26.3 percent increase from the previous year and more than double from 2018 (US$107 billion). Collaborations like the 2012 ...

After four centuries of colonization, the Philippines, influenced by Spanish, US, and Japanese rule, continues to feel the lasting impact of US colonial practices. This legacy is particularly evident ...

Neonicotinoid pesticides are complicated—and not just to pronounce. The name literally means “new nicotine-like insecticides,” for their chemical make-up resembles that of nicotine. Since their ...

Little of the cobalt mined in the DRC is processed domestically or on the continent. Instead, the raw material is shipped to China for refining. The journey between these mining and refining hubs is ...